Société en Commandite Spéciale (SCSp): The Complete Guide to the Luxembourg Special Limited Partnership

Overview

The Société en Commandite Spéciale (SCSp) — Luxembourg's special limited partnership — is the partnership form of choice for private equity sponsors, real estate fund managers, debt funds, and infrastructure investors operating in or from Luxembourg. Introduced by the Law of 12 July 2013, the SCSp was designed to offer a flexible, fiscally transparent partnership structure modelled on the Anglo-Saxon limited partnership, embedded in a continental European legal framework with a mature regulatory and treaty network.

The SCSp's most fundamental characteristic is that it has no legal personality (personnalité juridique). Unlike the Sàrl or the SA — which exist as legal persons independent of their shareholders — the SCSp is a legal arrangement without its own legal identity. It acts through its general partner (associé commandité), who manages the partnership and acts in its name while bearing unlimited personal liability. The limited partners (associés commanditaires) are passive investors whose liability is strictly limited to their committed contribution, provided they do not participate in management.

Despite lacking legal personality, the SCSp possesses a separate estate (patrimoine distinct): its assets are ring-fenced from the personal assets of its partners and constitute an autonomous pool of property available exclusively to partnership creditors. This combination — no legal personality, but separate estate — is the SCSp's defining legal innovation and makes it particularly attractive for fund structures where fiscal transparency and contractual flexibility are paramount.

The Dato Capital database tracks approximately 14,000 SCSp structures, reflecting the vehicle's rapid adoption since its introduction in 2013 as the preferred partnership form for Luxembourg alternative investment funds.

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1. Legal Framework

The SCSp is governed by provisions introduced into the Law of 10 August 1915 on Commercial Companies (loi du 10 août 1915 concernant les sociétés commerciales) by the Law of 12 July 2013, creating Articles 22-1 and following. The 1915 Law had previously regulated only the Société en Commandite Simple (SCS) — a limited partnership with legal personality — and the SCSp was created as a distinct, non-incorporated partnership form.

Instrument	Scope
Law of 10 August 1915 on Commercial Companies (Arts. 22-1 et seq., as amended)	Primary SCSp legal framework
Law of 12 July 2013	Introduced the SCSp; transposed AIFMD into Luxembourg law
Law of 19 December 2002 on the RCS	Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés registration obligations
Law of 13 January 2019 on the RBO	Registre des Bénéficiaires Effectifs (UBO register)
Law of 23 July 2016 (RAIF Law)	SCSp as a Reserved Alternative Investment Fund
Law of 13 February 2007 (SIF Law)	SCSp as a Specialised Investment Fund
Law of 15 June 2004 (SICAR Law)	SCSp as a Risk Capital Investment Company
Directive 2011/61/EU (AIFMD) / Law of 12 July 2013	Alternative Investment Fund Manager regulation
Loi de l'impôt sur le revenu (LIR)	Income tax — applied at partner level for a fiscally transparent SCSp
Loi du 19 décembre 2024	AML package — updated UBO/due diligence rules

The Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF) supervises SCSps constituted as regulated vehicles (SIF, SICAR) and oversees authorized AIFMs managing SCSps. The Luxembourg Business Registers (LBR) administers the RCS and RBO.

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2. Legal Nature: No Legal Personality and Separate Estate

2.1 No Legal Personality

The SCSp is an unincorporated entity: it has no legal personality separate from its partners. This means the SCSp cannot, in its own name, own property, enter into contracts, sue, or be sued. All legal acts are performed by the general partner acting in the SCSp's name and on its behalf.

This distinguishes the SCSp from every other major Luxembourg entity:

Form	Legal personality?	Unlimited liability?	Fiscally transparent?
SCSp	No (separate estate only)	GP — yes; LP — no	Yes
SCS (Société en Commandite Simple)	Yes	GP — yes; LP — no	Yes
Sàrl	Yes	No	No
SA	Yes	No	No
FCP	No (contractual co-ownership)	No	Yes

The lack of legal personality has concrete consequences: - No corporate capacity in its own name — the GP holds title to assets in its capacity as general partner of the SCSp. - No corporate tax residency — the SCSp cannot claim benefits under Luxembourg's double tax treaties; treaty entitlement is assessed at the partner level. - GP insolvency does not automatically dissolve the SCSp, provided the LPA includes a GP replacement mechanism.

2.2 Separate Estate (Patrimoine Distinct)

Although the SCSp lacks legal personality, the 1915 Law (as amended by the 2013 Law) confers on it a separate estate (patrimoine distinct): - Assets contributed to or acquired by the SCSp form a distinct pool, legally separate from the personal assets of any partner. - Creditors of the SCSp have priority over SCSp assets; personal creditors of a partner cannot seize those assets. - Creditors of individual partners cannot seize SCSp assets — unless the partner is a GP bearing unlimited liability and the SCSp's assets are insufficient to meet the claim.

The separate estate makes the SCSp a viable fund vehicle despite the absence of legal personality. In practice, the GP holds assets in its capacity as general partner, and the separate estate ensures those assets are not available to the GP's personal creditors.

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3. Partners: General Partner and Limited Partners

Every SCSp must have at least one general partner (associé commandité) and at least one limited partner (associé commanditaire). There is no statutory maximum on partners of either class. Both natural persons and legal entities of any nationality may serve as partners.

3.1 General Partner (Associé Commandité)

The general partner bears unlimited, personal, joint, and several liability for all debts and obligations of the SCSp. The GP: - Is solely responsible for managing the SCSp and representing it vis-à-vis third parties (unless the LPA delegates specific functions to advisory bodies within the limits permitted by law). - Acts as the agent of the SCSp in all legal and commercial transactions. - May be a natural person or a legal entity.

Corporate GP structure: In virtually all Luxembourg fund contexts, the GP is itself a Luxembourg company — typically a Sàrl or SA — rather than a natural person. This "corporate GP" structure shields the fund managers from direct unlimited personal liability: the GP company bears the unlimited exposure, and its shareholders' liability is in turn limited to their investment in the GP company. This structure is the standard architecture for Luxembourg private equity, real estate, and infrastructure fund platforms.

Where there are multiple GPs, each is jointly and severally liable to third-party creditors of the SCSp for all its debts.

3.2 Limited Partner (Associé Commanditaire)

The limited partner bears liability limited to the amount of their capital commitment as defined in the limited partnership agreement (LPA). The LP: - Is a passive investor with no management authority over the SCSp. - Is entitled to returns on investment as specified in the LPA — preferred return, profit distribution, and carried interest allocations. - May hold any percentage of the SCSp's economic interests, as agreed in the LPA.

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4. LP Management Prohibition and Safe Harbours

4.1 The Management Prohibition

A limited partner who participates in the management (gestion) of the SCSp risks losing limited liability protection and may become personally liable to third parties as though they were a general partner (Article 28 of the 1915 Law). "Management" in this context means external management acts — acts performed towards third parties in the SCSp's name — not internal governance participation.

4.2 Permitted LP Activities

Luxembourg law and practice permit limited partners to engage in the following without triggering the management prohibition: - Membership on an LP Advisory Committee (LPAC) or similar consultative body. - Granting or withholding consent for specified transactions or conflicts of interest as set out in the LPA. - Exercising veto rights over defined extraordinary decisions (GP removal, LPA amendment, extension of the fund term, change of investment policy). - Receiving information, financial reports, and annual accounts. - Approving the annual accounts of the SCSp. - Exercising any rights expressly reserved to LPs in the LPA that do not constitute external management acts towards third parties.

The LPA must clearly delineate the boundary between permitted LP governance rights and impermissible management participation.

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5. Formation: The Limited Partnership Agreement (LPA)

5.1 No Notarial Deed Required

The SCSp is formed by a limited partnership agreement (LPA) executed as a private deed (acte sous seing privé). Unlike the Sàrl or SA, there is no requirement for a notarial act at incorporation. This significantly reduces both formation time and notarial cost.

5.2 Mandatory Contents of the LPA

The 1915 Law requires the LPA to contain at minimum: - The name (dénomination) of the SCSp — which must include "SCSp" or "société en commandite spéciale" (or their abbreviations). - The registered office (siège social), which must be located in Luxembourg. - The corporate object (objet social). - The identities of each GP and LP and their respective capital contributions. - The duration of the SCSp. - Rules for profit allocation and loss sharing.

In practice, fund LPAs are sophisticated documents (typically 100–250 pages) addressing: - Capital commitments, capital calls, and drawdown mechanics. - Investment policy, restrictions, and permitted investments. - Preferred return (hurdle rate), carried interest, and GP catch-up. - Clawback provisions and escrow arrangements. - Transfer restrictions on LP interests. - LPAC composition, quorum, and consent rights. - Default provisions for failure to fund a capital call. - Fund term, investment period, and extension mechanisms. - GP removal, replacement, and key-person provisions. - Reporting obligations to LPs. - AML and investor suitability requirements (if the SCSp is a regulated fund).

5.3 No Minimum Capital

Unlike the Sàrl (€12,000) and the SA (€30,000), the SCSp has no minimum capital requirement. LP commitments are negotiated freely in the LPA. In fund contexts, total capital commitments typically range from a few million euros to several billion, drawn down progressively via capital calls during the investment period.

LP contributions may be made in cash, securities, or assets in kind, as agreed. There is no statutory independent valuation requirement for in-kind contributions to an SCSp.

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6. RCS Registration

Despite having no legal personality, the SCSp must be registered in the Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés (RCS), maintained by the LBR.

6.1 Information Filed at the RCS

Information	Public at RCS?
SCSp name	Yes
Registered office address	Yes
Corporate object	Yes
Duration	Yes
GP identity (name, address)	Yes
GP management powers	Yes
Date of LPA	Yes
LP identities and contribution amounts	No — private

The privacy of LP identities at the RCS level is one of the SCSp's principal attractions for institutional investors who do not wish their participation in a fund to be publicly disclosed through the commercial register. (LP identities are, however, subject to disclosure through the RBO — see Section 10 — and through AML customer due diligence by obliged entities serving the fund.)

6.2 Publication in the RESA

An excerpt of the LPA containing the mandatory RCS information is published in the Recueil Électronique des Sociétés et Associations (RESA). The full LPA is not published.

6.3 Changes Requiring RCS Update

The following changes must be notified to the RCS: change of GP, change of registered office, change of SCSp name or duration, and dissolution.

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7. Governance

7.1 General Partner as Sole Manager

The GP has full authority to manage the SCSp and to represent it vis-à-vis third parties, subject only to: - The corporate object as stated in the LPA. - Specific decisions reserved for LP or LPAC consent under the LPA (GP removal, LPA amendment, extension of term, etc.). - Any applicable CSSF requirements if the SCSp is a regulated vehicle.

7.2 LP Advisory Committee (LPAC)

The LPAC (comité consultatif des associés commanditaires) is a standard governance feature of Luxembourg fund SCSps. It typically comprises representatives of the principal LPs and exercises the following functions without constituting management: - Reviewing and approving GP conflicts of interest. - Approving co-investment allocations. - Waiving investment restrictions on a case-by-case basis. - Approving the valuation methodology for portfolio assets. - Consenting to changes in key persons.

LPAC members remain protected limited partners.

7.3 No Mandatory Annual Meeting

The SCSp has no statutory obligation to hold an annual partners' meeting. Governance, information rights, and decision-making procedures are entirely governed by the LPA. This contrasts with the Sàrl (AGM required for companies with more than 25 shareholders) and the SA (AGM mandatory).

7.4 Financial Reporting

Unless constituted as a regulated vehicle (SIF, SICAR, RAIF), the SCSp is not required to file annual accounts publicly with the RCS. However, the LPA will typically require the GP to prepare annual accounts and deliver audited financial statements to LPs. Where the SCSp meets at least two of the three statutory audit thresholds (balance sheet total > €4.4M; net turnover > €8.8M; average employees > 50) for two consecutive years, a statutory audit by a réviseur d'entreprises agréé (REA) is required regardless of regulatory status.

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8. Partnership Interests and Transfers

8.1 Nature of Partnership Interests

Partnership interests in an SCSp are defined and evidenced by the LPA. They are not shares or parts sociales — they are contractual rights representing each partner's economic stake. LP interests are typically expressed as a percentage of total commitments, a number of units, or a nominal commitment amount.

8.2 Transfer of LP Interests

Transfer of LP interests is governed exclusively by the LPA. There is no statutory consent requirement analogous to the Sàrl's 75% shareholder consent rule. In practice: - Transfers typically require prior written GP consent. - The LPA may include rights of first offer or refusal in favour of existing LPs. - The transferee must adhere to the LPA by executing a deed of adherence. - Transfers do not require notarisation and are not filed at the RCS (LP identities are not in the RCS).

8.3 GP Interest

The GP's interest is personal in nature. Transfer of the GP interest typically requires supermajority LP consent under the LPA. Removal of the GP triggers the transition and replacement mechanisms specified in the LPA.

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9. Fiscal Transparency

9.1 No Entity-Level Luxembourg Tax

The SCSp is fiscally transparent for Luxembourg income tax purposes. It is not itself subject to corporate income tax (IRC), municipal business tax (ICC), or net wealth tax (NWT). Instead, each partner is taxed on their allocable share of the SCSp's income and gains in accordance with their own tax profile and country of residence.

This is the fundamental tax distinction between the SCSp and the Sàrl or SA. The Sàrl and SA are opaque corporate taxpayers subject to Luxembourg's combined IRC + ICC effective rate (approximately 24.94% in Luxembourg City) plus NWT. The detailed IRC, ICC, NWT, and participation exemption rules applicable to corporate entities are covered in the Sàrl guide in this series.

9.2 Tax Position of Partners

Partner type	Luxembourg tax treatment
Luxembourg-resident LP (individual)	Taxed on allocated share of SCSp income at personal income tax rates under LIR
Luxembourg-resident LP (company, e.g. Sàrl or SA)	SCSp income included in the company's IRC/ICC base
Non-resident LP	Generally taxed in their home jurisdiction on their allocable share; Luxembourg may tax Luxembourg-source income depending on the applicable tax treaty and look-through rules
GP (Luxembourg corporate entity)	Taxed on its own share of SCSp income and on management fees received from the SCSp

9.3 No Luxembourg Withholding Tax on Distributions

Because distributions from an SCSp to partners are not corporate dividends (the SCSp is not a company), Luxembourg's 15% dividend withholding tax does not apply to LP distributions. The tax treatment of such distributions is determined in each partner's own jurisdiction.

9.4 Double Tax Treaties

The SCSp itself cannot claim benefits under Luxembourg's tax treaties (no legal personality → no tax residency → no treaty eligibility). Treaty entitlement is assessed at the partner level. Whether a non-resident LP can rely on a tax treaty for its share of SCSp income depends on how the LP's home jurisdiction classifies the SCSp (as transparent or opaque). Most major investor jurisdictions — including the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the Netherlands — treat the Luxembourg SCSp as transparent, enabling look-through to the LP level for treaty purposes.

9.5 VAT on Management Fees

The GP (or a separate management company) typically receives a management fee from the SCSp, which is subject to Luxembourg VAT analysis: - For unregulated SCSps: management fees are generally subject to the standard Luxembourg VAT rate of 17%, unless a specific exemption applies. - For regulated SCSps (SIF, SICAR, or RAIF): the VAT exemption for the management of special investment funds under Article 44(1)(d) of the EU VAT Directive applies, exempting fund management and fund administration services from VAT, provided the SCSp qualifies as a "special investment fund" under Luxembourg VAT law.

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10. Registre des Bénéficiaires Effectifs (RBO)

Every SCSp must register its ultimate beneficial owners (UBOs) in the RBO established by the Law of 13 January 2019 and administered by the LBR.

Who are the UBOs of an SCSp?

• General partners are always considered to exercise effective control and must be registered as UBOs. If the GP is a corporate entity (Sàrl, SA), the natural persons ultimately controlling that corporate GP must themselves be registered.
• Limited partners holding more than 25% of the SCSp's interests — whether by capital commitment, economic entitlement, or voting rights — must be registered.
• In complex multi-layered fund structures where institutional investors (pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, fund-of-funds) are LPs, identifying the natural person UBOs through multiple tiers of holding entities requires careful analysis.

The registration, annual confirmation, and penalty framework applicable to the SCSp is the same as for other Luxembourg entities: initial registration within 1 month of formation, annual confirmation via the LBR portal, and administrative fines of up to €1,250,000 for legal persons for non-compliance. Because the SCSp lacks legal personality, responsibility for RBO compliance falls on the GP as the managing and representative partner.

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11. SCSp as an Alternative Investment Fund Vehicle

11.1 Unregulated SCSp (Above-Threshold AIFM)

An SCSp may operate as an unregulated alternative investment fund (AIF) — the fund itself requires no CSSF authorization. However, if the SCSp is an AIF and its assets under management exceed the AIFMD thresholds (€100 million for leveraged AIFs; €500 million for unleveraged closed-ended AIFs with no redemption rights for five years), its alternative investment fund manager (AIFM) must hold CSSF authorization under the Law of 12 July 2013. An authorized AIFM managing an SCSp must comply with AIFMD requirements: organizational standards, regulatory capital, risk and liquidity management, investor disclosure (pre-investment disclosures and annual Annex IV reporting to regulators), and mandatory appointment of a depositary.

11.2 SCSp as a RAIF

The Reserved Alternative Investment Fund (RAIF) framework (Law of 23 July 2016) allows an SCSp to operate as a fund vehicle without direct CSSF authorization of the fund itself, provided: - The SCSp is managed exclusively by an authorized AIFM (Luxembourg or EU-passport AIFM). - The SCSp is open only to well-informed investors (investisseurs avertis): institutional and professional investors, or investors who confirm in writing their status as sophisticated investors and invest a minimum of €125,000.

The RAIF SCSp can elect the SIF tax regime, paying taxe d'abonnement at 0.01% per annum on net assets (quarterly, payable within 15 days of the quarter end). The RAIF's key advantage over the SIF is speed to market: no CSSF authorization of the fund is required — only the AIFM must be authorized.

11.3 SCSp as a SIF

An SCSp authorized by the CSSF under the Law of 13 February 2007 (SIF Law) is a directly supervised regulated vehicle, restricted to well-informed investors. SIF authorization by the CSSF typically takes approximately one month. A SIF SCSp must appoint an authorized depositary and file annual audited accounts with the CSSF.

11.4 SCSp as a SICAR

An SCSp constituted as a Risk Capital Investment Company (SICAR) under the Law of 15 June 2004, investing in risk capital (private equity or venture capital), requires CSSF authorization and is restricted to well-informed investors. Unlike the SIF and RAIF, the SICAR SCSp is not subject to any taxe d'abonnement and benefits from a specific tax regime under the SICAR Law.

11.5 SCSp vs. FCP: Key Structural Differences

Both the SCSp and the Fonds Commun de Placement (FCP) — covered in the FCP guide in this series — lack legal personality and are fiscally transparent. However, they serve fundamentally different markets and operate under different structural frameworks:

Feature	SCSp	FCP
Legal basis	Partnership (société en commandite)	Contractual co-ownership (copropriété)
Management	General partner	Mandatory separate management company
Investor status	Partners (GP + LP)	Unitholders (copropriétaires)
Governance	LPA; GP manages	Management regulations; management company manages
Regulated wrappers available	SIF, SICAR, RAIF	UCITS, Part II, SIF, RAIF
UCITS-eligible	No	Yes
GP unlimited liability	Yes	No
Typical investor base	Institutional (PE, RE, infrastructure)	UCITS: retail and institutional; others: institutional
Typical use	Closed-ended alternative funds	Open-ended UCITS; institutional alternatives

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12. Disclosure: GP, LP, and UBO

12.1 GP Disclosure

The GP's identity is publicly registered at the RCS and published in the RESA. The GP is always registered in the RBO. If the GP is a corporate entity, the natural persons ultimately controlling the GP company must be registered as UBOs of the SCSp in the RBO.

12.2 LP Privacy

LP identities are not filed at the RCS — this is a deliberate feature of the SCSp. However, LPs are: - Registered in the RBO if they hold more than 25% of the SCSp's interests or exercise effective control. - Known to the CSSF if the SCSp is a regulated vehicle (SIF, SICAR, or RAIF whose AIFM is subject to AML supervision). - Subject to AML customer due diligence by the depositary, administrator, registrar, and any other obliged entity providing services to the fund. - Disclosed in the annual report and accounts provided to LPs under the LPA.

12.3 AIFMD Investor Disclosure

SCSps managed by an authorized AIFM must produce: - A pre-investment disclosure document describing the SCSp's investment strategy, risk profile, fees, liquidity terms, and conflicts of interest, delivered to investors before subscription. - An annual Annex IV regulatory report filed with the CSSF (and, where the SCSp is marketed in other EU member states under AIFMD passport rules, with each relevant national competent authority).

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13. Dissolution and Winding Up

13.1 Grounds for Dissolution

An SCSp may be dissolved: - At the expiry of its contractual term as specified in the LPA. - By resolution of the partners in accordance with the LPA (typically requiring unanimous GP consent and a supermajority LP vote). - By court order (judicial dissolution). - If all GPs or all LPs cease to participate (through insolvency, withdrawal, or death), unless the LPA provides a cure period during which the remaining partners may appoint a replacement.

13.2 Winding Up

Upon dissolution, the SCSp enters winding up. The GP typically acts as liquidator unless the LPA designates another party or the court appoints an independent liquidator. The liquidator: - Collects receivables and realises assets. - Pays all partnership creditors (with priority over any distribution to partners). - Distributes remaining proceeds to partners in accordance with the LPA waterfall — repayment of contributions, preferred return, GP catch-up, and carried interest.

The dissolution and closure of the SCSp must be filed with the RCS and published in the RESA. The SCSp is struck off the RCS upon completion of liquidation.

13.3 GP Liability on Dissolution

The GP remains jointly and severally liable for partnership debts that remain unsatisfied from SCSp assets. If partnership assets are insufficient to meet creditor claims in full, the GP's personal assets (or the assets of the corporate GP entity) are available to satisfy the shortfall — the ultimate expression of the GP's unlimited liability.

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14. SCSp vs. Other Luxembourg Forms

Criterion	SCSp	Sàrl	SA	FCP
Legal personality	No	Yes	Yes	No
Minimum capital	None	€12,000	€30,000	None
Partner/shareholder liability	GP unlimited; LP limited	All limited	All limited	None (managed by management company)
Fiscal treatment	Transparent (no entity-level IRC/ICC/NWT)	Opaque (IRC + ICC + NWT)	Opaque (IRC + ICC + NWT)	Transparent
LP/investor identity — public register	GP public; LP private	Shareholders traceable at RCS	Shareholders traceable at RCS	Unitholders private
Public capital raising	Not typical	Prohibited	Permitted	UCITS yes; others: well-informed investors only
Notarial deed to incorporate	Not required	Required	Required	Not required
Annual accounts — public filing	Not required (unless regulated)	Required	Required	Not required (unless regulated)
Typical use	PE/RE/infrastructure/debt funds	Subsidiaries, holding, JVs	Holding, listed, capital markets	UCITS retail; institutional alternatives

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15. Key Numbers at a Glance (2025)

Item	Value
Legal personality	None
Minimum GPs	1
Minimum LPs	1
Minimum capital	None
Notarial deed required for formation	No
LP identity — RCS public register	Not filed (private)
GP identity — RCS public register	Filed and public
RBO registration deadline (initial)	Within 1 month of formation
RBO annual confirmation	At least once per year
RBO penalty — non-compliance (legal person)	Up to €1,250,000
Entity-level IRC / ICC	None (fiscally transparent)
Entity-level NWT	None
Dividend withholding tax on LP distributions	None
VAT on management fees — regulated fund	Exempt (special investment fund)
VAT on management fees — unregulated	17% standard rate (subject to analysis)
AIFMD full authorization threshold (leveraged AIF)	AUM > €100M
AIFMD full authorization threshold (unleveraged, closed-ended, 5-year lock)	AUM > €500M
RAIF minimum investor commitment	€125,000 (or professional/institutional status)
RAIF taxe d'abonnement	0.01% per annum of NAV (quarterly)
SIF CSSF authorization timeline	Approximately 1 month
SICAR taxe d'abonnement	None
Business records retention	10 years from last entry

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Sources

The following official and authoritative sources were consulted in the preparation of this article:

Luxembourg Business Registers (LBR) - Registre de Commerce et des Sociétés (RCS) — LBR - Registre des Bénéficiaires Effectifs (RBO) — LBR - Société en commandite spéciale — LBR

Guichet.lu (Luxembourg Government Service Portal) - Setting up a Société en Commandite Spéciale — Guichet.lu - Dissolving a Company — Guichet.lu

Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier (CSSF) - Reserved Alternative Investment Fund (RAIF) — CSSF - Specialised Investment Fund (SIF) — CSSF - Risk Capital Investment Company (SICAR) — CSSF - Alternative Investment Fund Managers (AIFM) — CSSF - AML/CFT — Beneficial Ownership — CSSF

Association of the Luxembourg Fund Industry (ALFI) - Luxembourg Fund Structures — ALFI - The Luxembourg Limited Partnership (SCSp) — ALFI

Legislation (via legilux.public.lu) - Law of 10 August 1915 on Commercial Companies (consolidated) - Law of 12 July 2013 — AIFM transposition and SCSp introduction - Law of 23 July 2016 — RAIF - Law of 13 February 2007 — SIF - Law of 15 June 2004 — SICAR - Law of 13 January 2019 on the RBO